Vaporizer.



W. D. JOHNS.

VAPORIZEH.

APPLICATION mso APR. u. 19u.

1,293,456. Patente-d Feb. 4,1919.

www

um nu m 'In UNTTED STATES :PATENT OEEIOE.

WILLIAM DUUGLAS JOHNS, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

VAPORIZER.

Y To all 'whom it ma concern:

\ invention is to provide a combination of vaporizing and carburizing devices that may be operatively disposed in such association with the feed pipe and manifold of an internal combustion engine that the initial charges, as well as the subsequent charges, of both the air and the combustive fluid, or said charges of air only or said charges of combnstive fluid only, as may be desired under different conditions of operation, shall be heated to a desired temperature before said charges reach the interior of the carbu- Vreter to form the explosive mixture that is to be drawn by suction from said carbureter into the cylinder or cylinders of said engine through its manifold, whereby the initial charge of 'said explosive mixture shall be heated to such degree as will facilitate its immediate explosion to start the en ine in response to the initial electric spa-rk ormed within its, cylinder, thus obviating the necessity of a repeated crankingof the engine or thenecessity of injecting a high grade of gasolene into its carbureter as a primer.

Anotherobject of my invention is to provide apparatus in association with an internal combustion en ine whereby said engine shall be adapted e ciently to operate when its explosive mixture is derived from a low grade of combustive fluids, as distillate, kerosene, wood alcohol and the like, instead of gasolene.

I accomplish this Object by devices illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wheren- Figure 1 is a fragmentary view in side elevation of an internal combustion engine and apparatus embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view in longitudinal mid-section of parts of the saine;

Fig. 3 is a v'icwfin cross-section on broken linc 3. 3 of Fig. 2 of the parts shown in said Fig. 2; and

- Fig. 4 1s an enlarged view in longitudinal mid-section of other different parts of my invention.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. .4, 1919.

Application led April 11, 1917. Serial No. 161,151.

I lefeiring to the drawin throughout which like reference numera s indicate like parts, 5 designates an internal combustion engine whichis provided with a manifold 6 60 that is connected in a well known manner with the inlet passageways of the cylinders r of said engine.

Connected to the lower end portion of the manifold 6, by means of' a fianged coupling 65 7, is the outlet end portion of a carbureterV 8 which may he any one of the different well known forms of carbnreters.

A nipple 5 is connected to one side of the lower end portion of the carbureter 8,

through which nipple 9 air may be conducte( into the interior of said carbureter 8 there to mix with vapor of the combustion fluid which may be conducted into said carbureter 8 through a nipple 10 which is 75 vscrewed into ari inlet passageway rovided in the vertical wall at the other si e of the lower end portion of said carbureter 8.

Connected to the nipple 10. by means of a union 1l` is a valve-controlled feed pipe 12 30 'which extends through the central portion of a removable end wall 13 of aihollow, cylindrically formed inclosing case 14, thence in a spiral course throughout the length of the space within said inclosing case 14,`thence in 55 a straight course out of said inclosing case 14 through the Icentral portion of its otherend wall (as shown more clearly in Fig. 2) from which point it may be extended to connect with a source of supply of combustive Huid not shown, through which feed pipe 12 sai comhustive fluid may be conducted to the nipple 10 to How therethrough into the carbureter 8 in an Obvious manner.

The inelosing case 14 is preferably made 95 of refractory earthy material that is a nonconductor of electricity and heat, as porcelain, -and within its interior the spirally formed portion of the feed pipe 12 is surrounded by an annulnrly spaced electric 10 heating clement 15, of helical form, whereby said heating element may radiate its@ at to heat said spirally formed portion o said feed pipe 12 thereby to heat the comhustive fluid. owing therethrough before it enters the carbnrcter 8.

The heating element 15, as shown more clearly in Fig. 1, is connected in an electric circuit 16 which includes an adjustable eurx'cnt regulating rheostat 17 and two termi- 110 nuls 18 and 19 of levers 2(1and 21 of a double pole electric switch.

a dynamo electric machine 23, as may be desired at different times, thus to supply current for the heating element 15.

While I have shown the heating element 15 as of being of; other wel tuted therefor.

Connected ,to the nipple 9 b a Slip )Ojmt is one end of a short lengtl. o a metal plpe 24 whose other end is opened and through which air may pa on its way into the carbureter 8. i

Disposed within the ipe 24 is a heatlng element 25, of helical orm, which is electrically insulatedfrom the interior surface of said pipe 24 by refractory non-heatcon ducting material 26, as asbestos or mica, and whose terminals extend' through insulatin bushings 27 that project throu h the wal of said pipe as shown more clear y in Fig. 4.

The heating element 25 may be included in the circuit 16, in a well known manner, whereby it may be heated at the same time that the heating element 15 is heated; or said heating element 25 may be included in a separate switch-controlled circuit that is conneetedto the battery 22 and the dynamo electric machine 23`in a well known manner not shown, whereby said heating element 25 may be independently heated at required different times.

The operation of my combined vaporizer and carbureter when'associated with an inknown forms may be substiternal combustion engine, inthe manner hereinbefore described, is as follows:

The levers 2,0 and 21 of the double ole switch are disposed to connect with the attery 22 to heat the heating element 15 to a temperature that may be regulated by the rheostat 17 whereby said beati-n element 15 will act to heat the spiral portion of the feed pipe 12, whereupon combustive Huid, as asolene or kerosene may be permitted to ow through said feed pipe 12 to be heated as it passes through the spiral portion of it within the inclosing case 14, whichv heat will cause said combustlve Huid to enter thecarbureter 8 in the form of hot vapor, where it will mix with air that finds admittance through the pipe 24 to form a'warm explosive mixture that will be drawn into the of helical form, different ones cylinders of the engine 5, in response to the cranking of saidA engine 5, there to be ignited by the first electric spark formed by the opi eration of the igniter dis Josed in said cylinders, and such ignition oi the explosive mixture is facilitated by reason of its temperature being much above normal and thus the engine immediately starts without repeated cranking it.

fter the engine is running normally the levers 20 and 2l may be thrown to connect with the dynamo electric machine 23 which may thereafter furnish the current to maintain the heating element 15 in a heated condition.

If the heating element 25 in the pipe 24 be included ln Vthe circuit 16, then the air passing into the carbureter 8 will also be heated thus to increase the temperature of the explosive mixture formed therein.

If combustive fluid of a low grade bc heated before it reaches the interior of the carbureter it will vnporize as readily as 'a higher grade at no'rmal temperature and hence a low grade of combustive Huid, when used in connection with my combined vaporizer and carbureter, will serve us eiiciently as a high grade of gasolenc.

Preferably theinclosing case 24 is ,flisf body and passing through the ends thereof,

said ipe having its coils housed within the cham er and spaced from the sides thereof, anda' helieallycoiled electric resistance element also traversin the length of the'body and passing througi the ends thereof, the

coils of said element surrounding the coils of the pipe and lyin against the inner'surface ofthe sides of t 1e body.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribedmy name this 3rd da of April, A.D. 1917.

WILLIAM OUGLAS JOHNS. 

